Padhoupsc

  Folk painting notes for upsc Madhubani painting From Madhubani bihar Common theme -religious motifs of the Hindu, including Rama, krishna, Durga, lakshmi, shiva . The figure in the painting are symbolic eg :- fish depicts good luck and fertility. Flowers, trees, animal etc are used to fill any gape in the painting.  No shading, the painting are two Dimensional, use of bold colors, ornate floral patterns and exaggerated facial expressions.  Origin of madhubani painting It is believed to be during the period of ramayan, the king of mitila told people of his kingdom to paint walls and floors of their house on the marriage occasion of sita and rama.   1970 art got recognition when president of India honoured Jagdamba devi Famous painter  Bharti dayal, Ganga devi, Mahasundari devi, sita devi, baua devi  Pattachitra painting Odisha  The base of painting is treated cloth while the colour used comes from natural source burnt coconut shells, hingula, ram...

  Architecture in Harappan civilisation for UPSC Harappa and Mohenjodaro reval a remarkable of town planning. The town were laid out in a rectangular grid pattern. Roads ran in North - South and East -west, cut each other at right angles.  Three types of building found in the excavation sites  1. Dwelling houses 2. Public building 3. Public bath City was divided into two parts  1. Upraised citadel - western part were used for construction of large dimension eg :-  granaries, administrative building, pillared Hall, courtyard, residents of rulers and aristocrats.  2.Lower part - small one room found for working class people. Some of the house have been found stairs which indicate they might have double storied.. Mostly building have private wells and properly ventilated bathroom.  Public bath   Important featured of the harappan sites, which indicate the importance of ritualistic cleansing in their culture. These bath also have Arrey of galleries an...

  Mughal era miniature painting for upsc Painting of mughal period are influence from Persian antecedent. These era was a change in colour palette , themes and forms.  Focus shifted depicting the God to glorifying the ruler and showing his life, main focus hunting scene, historical events and other Court related painting . These painting were considered unique because use of brilliant colour. They brought the technique of foreshortening to the Indian painter's repertoire.  Under this techniques object were drawn in a way that they look closer and smaller than they really are.  Barbar Barbar first ruler of the Mughal dynasty. He patronised the Persian artist bizhad who made some illustration of mughal family tree.  Humayun Humayun was a great patron of art, while he was at Shah Tahmasap court in persia, he acquired the service of two main painters called Abdus Samad and Mir Sayyid Ali. These artist were responsible for bringing Persian influence in the mughal pai...

Mural painting in India for upsc   What is Murals ? Murals The work on the walls or solid structure are referred to as Murals , dated between 10tg century BC and 10th century AD . The painting follow a theme, the most common being Hindu, Buddhist, jain Mural painting were also made to adrone any mundane premise. Eg : ancient theatre room in jogimara cave  Ajanta cave paintings Situated at  Maharashtra State, Aurangabad District , Soyagon Taluka, Lenapur Village Oldest surviving murals  Discovered  by chance in 1819 by British soldiers on a hunt, the  Ajanta Caves  have become an icon of ancient Indian art, and have influenced subsequent artists and styles. 2nd century BC to 5 century AD Made by out of volcanic rocks Set of 29 caves in a horse shape 9 and 10 number cave belong to sunga period Rest belong to gupta period Cave number 1 and 2 are most recent The wall of cave have both murals and fersco painting They use temperatures style Painting portray ...

 Tamil sangam literature for upsc Tamil language is supposedly close to Sanskrit, specially in terms of the grammar and borrowing of words. the most famous literature in tamil and classical work or sangam literature. Sangam means fraternity. This literature is a collection of works that contains approx .2381 poem , 473 poets . The poets included men and women from different classes of society.  Period 300 BC and 300 AD, during most of these were composed and compiled is often called Sangam Period .    Patinenmelkanakku Works composed between 200 BCE to 100 BCE Oldest surviving Tamil poetry Patinenkilkanakku Works composed between 100 CE and 500 CE Collection of 18 poetry compositions Mostly composed before the age of the Pallavas Chief works include Thirukkural, Palamoli, Naladiyar, etc. 2 major school of  Sangam literature Aham/Agam- inner field and concentrate on the abstract discussion of human aspects like love , sexual relation etc Puram - outer field which...

 Laxmikant is the flesh and bone of polity section of UPSC . When you are serious for UPSC then you have to go it for polity section . Also known bibel of polity . Considering it in that way , one should read it multiple times. Reading it should be done with the objective of getting a hang of overall constitution and polity aspect as well as knowing about article numbers ,cases and many more Enough book for pre and main prospective, if you follow this steps these would definitely help for reading it . Start with 2nd chapter Read it till the end , because it helps to gain lots of information and you can easily tackle polity concept . According your first reading you have to go 15 to 20 days in properly 6 hour for completing. Once it is done ,go to the 2nd reading . Keep on reading and revisions. For mains you would need to add more of current affairs, bill and acts .  Really it has worked for me for the first attempt itself. You may modify the technique as per your convenience ...

Important sites of harappan civilisation and their archaeological findings   Harappa -pakistan bank of ravi  2 rows of six granaries with big platform,stone symbol of lingam and yoni,mother goddess sculpture, wheat and barley in wooden mortar, dice, copper scale and mirror, sculpture of dog chasing a deer in bronze metal Mohenjo-Daro Pak river Indus Citadel the great bath, great granary ,post cremation burial, sculpture of bearded priest ,the famous bronze statue of dancing girl and pashupati seal Dholavira Gujarat Largest harappa city  Unique water harvesting system, stadium, dams and embankment, gaint water reservoir, inscription comprising 10 large size signs like an advertisement board Lothal Gujarat Important site for naval trade, dockyard, rice husk,fire altars, painted jar,modern day chess, terracotta figures of horse and ship, instrument for measuring 45, 90, 180 degree angles, practice of burial of cremated remains Manchester of Indus valley civilisation Rakhi g...

Famous universities of ancient india for upsc  India is the country of scholars , many scholars like Chankya,Nagarjuna,Aryabhatta,Charak,Panini,Jivaka,Prasenjit was famous in the ancient times.  Here are the list of some important and famous universities of ancient India 1.Nalanda Founder Universities was founded 427 C.E. ,it was lasted around 700 years ago. Some archeological sources identified it was established by Shakaraditya whose was later identify kumargupta 1 , his coin was found here. It gained prominence under Harshavardhana reign and Pala Kings. Subjects  All 3 Buddhist doctrines (Hinyana, Mahayana, Varjayana) were taught here. Major sites for Mahayana Buddhist teachings, Vedas,fine arts, grammar, philosophy, logic,medicine etc also taught here. Situated at It is situated at around 95 kilometers 'southeast of Patna near Bihar sarif Construction It had 8 separate compounds and even had dormitories for students.  The entire campus was spread across an area o...