Mughal era miniature painting for upsc

 Mughal era miniature painting for upsc

Painting of mughal period are influence from Persian antecedent. These era was a change in colour palette , themes and forms. 

Focus shifted depicting the God to glorifying the ruler and showing his life, main focus hunting scene, historical events and other Court related painting . These painting were considered unique because use of brilliant colour. They brought the technique of foreshortening to the Indian painter's repertoire. 

Under this techniques object were drawn in a way that they look closer and smaller than they really are. 


Barbar

Barbar first ruler of the Mughal dynasty. He patronised the Persian artist bizhad who made some illustration of mughal family tree. 

Humayun

Humayun was a great patron of art, while he was at Shah Tahmasap court in persia, he acquired the service of two main painters called Abdus Samad and Mir Sayyid Ali. These artist were responsible for bringing Persian influence in the mughal painting and created many successful illustrated albums. 

Akbar

During Akbar reign they created an illustrated manuscript called tutinama -tales of a parrot. He established a formal artist studio called tasveer khanna where artist were hire on salary and they developed their own styles. The defining feature of painting in Akbar period are the use of 3 dimensional figure and the continued use of foreshortening, use of calligraphy in the painting. One of the popular features of this period was the transition of popular art to the court art. Famous painters Daswanth, Basawan and Kesu. Illustrated manuscript during Akbar reign Tutinama, Hamznama, Anvar i suhaili and Gulistan of sadi. 


Jahangir

During his period mughal painting reached its zenith. He was a naturalist by nature and preferred the painting of flora and fauna. 

One of the unique trends that developed in this period was of decorated margin around the paintings

Most famous naturalist painting of zebra, the turkey and the cock. 

One of the most famous artist of this period Ustad Mansoor who was expert in drawing the feature of the most complex faces. 

An animal fable called Ayar i danish ( touchstone of knowledge) was illustrated during his reign 


Shah Jahan

Shah Jahan liked creating artificial elements in the painting  . It is said that he tried to reduce the liveliness of the painting and bring in unnatural stillness as he was inspired by the European influence

He encouraged the artists to draw and sketch using a pencil. He also order to increase the use of gold and silver in the painting. He also liked brighter colour paletters as compared to his predecessors. 

Aurangzeb

He didn't encourage painting and as a result, large number of mughal court painters started migrating to the provincial court in Rajasthan


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