Famous universities of ancient india for upsc

Famous universities of ancient india for upsc India is the country of scholars , many scholars like Chankya,Nagarjuna,Aryabhatta,Charak,Panini,Jivaka,Prasenjit was famous in the ancient times. 

Here are the list of some important and famous universities of ancient India

1.Nalanda

Founder

Universities was founded 427 C.E. ,it was lasted around 700 years ago. Some archeological sources identified it was established by Shakaraditya whose was later identify kumargupta 1 , his coin was found here. It gained prominence under Harshavardhana reign and Pala Kings.

Subjects

 All 3 Buddhist doctrines (Hinyana, Mahayana, Varjayana) were taught here. Major sites for Mahayana Buddhist teachings, Vedas,fine arts, grammar, philosophy, logic,medicine etc also taught here.

Situated at

It is situated at around 95 kilometers 'southeast of Patna near Bihar sarif

Construction

It had 8 separate compounds and even had dormitories for students. The entire campus was spread across an area of 15,000,000 sq. meters. Only one tenth of it are excavated. In the hey days as many as 10,000 students and 2,000 professors were staying in the campus as per the entries in the diary of Huen Tsang the Chinese traveller. Entry to the school was very difficult and done through entrance test where only 3 out of 10 were selected. Students from Tibet, China, Persia, Nepal, Greece, Turkey, Sri Lanka in addition to various principalities of India, were studying in the university. The most impressive part of the university is its library. The massive library called Dharma Gunj or mountain of knowledge was set up in three buildings called Ratna Sagar, Ratnodevi, Ratnayanjak. It attracted scholars from Central Asia,Southeast Asia and other part of the world.

Some important scholars :-

Nagarjuna (Madhyamika Shunyavad) 

Aryabhatta the astronomer

Aryadeva student of Nagarjuna

Atisha scholars of Mahayana

Chandrakriti

Dharmakriti

Dharmpala

Dignanga 

Chinese scholars

Hsuan Tsang 629-644 AD during the reign of Harsavardhana .he was also known as Xauanzang and the Prince of pilgrims

I-tsing spent 10 years at Nalanda in late 7th century

Who destroyed it and why ?

It was destroyed by mumluk army under the Delhi sultanate of bhaktiyar khilji in 1200 CE. After the recovery of khilji he was really shocked by known that Jainism and Ayurveda's is so powerful and his Prince ,countryman are less knowledge instead of them . Then he decided to destroy the root of Buddhism and Ayurveda. As a result khilji set fire at the library of Nalanda and burned around 9 million book's

2. Takshashila 

Located in Pakistan

Founder

It is believed that Chankya composed the Arthsastra at this place

Subjects

Buddhist , Hindu theologies , political science, hunting, medicine, law, military tactics

Scholars

Chandragupta Maurya

Chankya

Panini

Jivaka

Prasenjit

Date 5th century BC

Destroyed by Huns

3.Vikaramsila

Located

Bhagalpur Bihar

Established by King dharmpala of pala dynasty

Subjects

Buddhist learning center, vajrayana sect of Buddhism ,tantric teaching, logic, Vedas,astronomy, urban development, law, grammar ,philosophy

4.Odantapuri

Located

Bihar

Established by under the patronage of King gopala 1 . 

Buddhist mahavihara

Destroyed by Bhaktiyar khilji

5.Valabhi

Located at

Saurastra Gujarat

Subjects

Important learning center of Hinayana Buddhism, laws, philosophy

Supported by

Grants of rulers of Maitraka Dynasty of Gujarat

Scholars

Chinese scholars hseun Tsang

6.Jaggadala

Located at Bengal

Established by King rampala of pala dynasty

7.Kancheepuram famous study center under pallvas at 1st century

Subjects

Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism

8. Pushpagiri vihara and lalitagiri

Located at odisha by kalinga Kings around 3rd century BC

9. Manyakheta

Karnataka

Prominent in under the Rashtrakuta

Subjects

Jainism, Buddhism, Hinduism and matha of dvaita school of thought

10. Shardapeeth

Kashmir pok occupied

Important places for Sanskrit scholars

11.Nagarjunakonda

Located at 160 km from Amravati in Andharapradesh

Named after Nagarjuna a South Indian scholar of Mahayana Buddhism





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